What are types of geodata?

Data types in GIS are the main categories of geographic information: vector data (points, lines, polygons with attributes), raster data (cells/pixels with values), and sometimes TINs or point clouds for 3D.

Each type has its own storage (shapefile, GeoPackage, GeoTIFF), analysis (buffer on vector, reclass on raster), and visualization. In GeoApps and PDOK you see both: WFS for vector, WMS for raster display.

Data types are not file formats: GeoJSON and shapefile are formats for vector data; a DEM is raster data regardless of GeoTIFF or ASC. Metadata describes which type a dataset is.